What is falls and gradient?
Falls and gradient refers to the intentional slope built into a paved surface to direct rainwater toward drainage points and away from buildings and structures.
The fall, or gradient, of a paved surface is the slope that channels water away from buildings and toward drainage systems. This slope is essential in both residential and commercial paving work across Cheltenham, where rainfall must be managed to prevent pooling and water damage.
Proper fall is measured as a ratio or percentage. A typical domestic driveway or patio requires a fall of around 1 in 60 to 1 in 80, meaning the surface drops 1 metre for every 60 to 80 metres of length. This gentle slope is often barely noticeable to the eye but prevents water from sitting on the surface after rain.
Without adequate fall, water accumulates in low spots, leading to slippery surfaces, algae growth, frost damage in winter, and accelerated deterioration of the paving material. Poor drainage can also cause water to seep toward building foundations, potentially causing dampness in basements or ground floors.
When laying new paving, contractors must plan the fall direction carefully, sloping toward nearby drains, gullies, or garden areas where water can run off safely. Existing paving that suffers from poor drainage or standing water often indicates inadequate or reversed fall. Professional paving contractors in the area assess site levels and design appropriate falls as part of their initial survey.